Water and Human Rights by Barbara Johnston - 1006 Words

Barbara Johnston mentions in â€Å"Water and Human Rights† how dams are supposed to regulate water and make water more accessible for humans and their communities and project energy and economic goals. Yet, the building of dams has not done any of those following goals and has showed more of a decline than an increase in those areas (Johnston, 445). In addition, Johnston mentions how 60% of the rivers were dammed making an extreme impact on the extinction of 30% of the worlds freshwater fish (Johnston, 445). Other problems faced due to the dam construction other than extinction of freshwater fish would be the displacement and severe poverty of 80 million people around the world, majority being from indigenous and ethnic minorities (Johnston, 445). Another problem that is brought up by Johnston is the privatization of water and how water should not be privatized. Johnston mentions water is a human right and that when building dams the water is automatically privatized and the p eople who were displaced do not get any of the dam water, the water that they get is contaminated and not healthy for human living (Johnston, 449). This is happening and has happened in numerous countries, the ones that Johnston mentions, China, Turkey, Africa, and Chile, are just a few of them. Johnston agrees that the clean water from dams does some good for people, but the lack of distribution, the displacement, and extinction of animals/fish are negative effects seen when looking at everythingShow MoreRelatedEssay Hydro-Politics Along the Jordan River5715 Words   |  23 PagesHydro-Politics Along the Jordan River One of the most important yet under-appreciated conflicts in the Middle East is over water resources along the Jordan River. As population and demand for water in the riparian states of Israel, Jordan, Palestine, and Syria have sky-rocketed, water scarcity in the desert region has reached crisis proportions. In response, leaders on all sides have entered into a dialogue, known as hydro-politics, that has been characterized by an unyielding attitude ofRead MoreGender Dimension of Brand Personality12092 Words   |  49 Pagesarticle describes the development and validation of a two-dimensional scale measuring masculine and feminine brand personality that is discriminant with regard to existing brand personality dimensions and scales measuring masculinity and femininity as human personality traits. 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DeCenzo Coastal Carolina University Conway, SC Stephen P. Robbins San Diego State University San Diego, CA Tenth Edition Contributor Susan L. Verhulst Des Moines Area Community College AnkenyRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 PagesVIEW Strategic Human Resource Management Taken from: Strategic Human Resource Management, Second Edition by Charles R. Greer Copyright  © 2001, 1995 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Compilation Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Custom Publishing All rights reserved. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein thatRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCredits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any formRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesCompositor: Newgen–India Printer: Courier Corporation/Kendallville  © 2008, 2005 Duxbury, an imprint of Thomson Brooks/Cole, a part of The Thomson Corporation. Thomson, the Star logo, and Brooks/Cole are trademarks used herein under license. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution, information storage and retrieval

Graffiti War - 1157 Words

What do the â€Å"graffiti wars† say about social relations of inequality and power in cities? Unequal power relations seemingly drive the war against graffiti. Arguably, this war targets marginalized individuals in poor communities, more specifically; it targets poor Black and Latino youth. Chronopolous (2011) argues that graffiti is seen as a threat to social disorder and suggests that communities festered with graffiti are â€Å"out of control† (Chronopoulous 2011, pg. 77-78). This is as a result of authorities seeing the act of graffiti writing as a domination of public spaces by Blacks and Latinos. Not to mention, they also consider graffiti artists as criminals, disturbed, insignificant, insecure, cowards, and socially maladjusted; which†¦show more content†¦As stated by Taki, an influential graffiti artist when addressing the concern authorities held about his graffiti writing, â€Å"Why they go after the little guy? Why not campaign organizations that put stickers all over the subways at election time?† (Chronopoulos 2011, pg. 81). Though, gr affiti is deemed as legitimate when it is used to generate profit, which is seen through the recent increased demand for graffiti with the purpose of beautification and gentrification. Evidently, the growing concern over graffiti in public spaces is driven by the conflict graffiti creates when obstructing advertisements, which generate increased consumption and profit. It also demonstrates the lack of tolerance the dominant class has for the promotion of dominance by the lower class. Moreover, constant â€Å"public proclamations† which urged people to see graffiti writing as a social safety issue, has certainly influenced the demand for anti-graffiti efforts and the attitudes upper and middle class whites had towards Blacks and Latinos (Chronopoulos 2011, pg. 87) There are many associations with graffiti writing, Hip-hop being the first. Though the emergence of graffiti can be attributed to street gangs; which, they used to mark their territories (Chronopoulos 2011, pg. 79), graffiti began to merge with hip-hop culture in the 70s (Chronopoulos 2011, pg. 82). Ultimately, this combination promoted the public domination over public spaces in New York City through the useShow MoreRelatedGraffiti And Its Effects On The World War I1504 Words   |  7 PagesComm 1016 Essay We see graffiti everywhere even though it is illegal. Its on trains, buses, buildings you name it there has most likely been graffiti on it. Let’s start with what the definition of graffiti is, â€Å"writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place† (Bing.com). Graffiti can be traced back as far as world war 2 the most famous tag of that time being, â€Å"Kilroy was here† along with an illustration the artist or ‘writer’ they areRead MoreGraffiti As Art And Graffiti Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper looked at graffiti in two different ways, graffiti as art and graffiti as vandalism. Looking at some literatures, it was discovered that the use of graffiti was meant to declare freedom within the city and to bring color throughout the city/world. However, the opinion of non-graffiti artists affected the outlook on graffiti itself, thereby causing the defacement of buildings and influencing the social processes of a community. This paper therefore hope to arrive at a conclusion which willRead MoreChallenging Modest Culture : Society s Tolerance Of Public Art1399 Words   |  6 Pageslate 1960s (MacDonald 1). At that time graffiti to most, was considered to be a form of art work. Regardless of those that thought of it as art, there were and are still numerous individuals that loathe the graffiti movement. Works of art have been dependably charming for ages, as it is a method for self-expression and inventiveness. Artistic expressions have advanced in many ways, such as public canvases offering an approach to modern day unique artwork. Graffiti is progressively turning into a hobbyRead MoreGraffiti And Other Artistic Writings1362 Words   |  6 Pages Many historians agree that graffiti and other artistic writings show â€Å"life in motion.† Tracing the history of these movements in both Latin America and the United States, one notes that artists have fomented revolution by altering aesthetic practices and transforming social contexts. One compares graffiti, defined as â€Å"unauthorized writing or drawing on a public surface,† to other art forms, such as sketchbook work, prints, murals, and portable frescoes because both illustrate ideas through writingRead MoreAntigovernment Sta tements through Painting1114 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresents a passionate attack on Spain’s fascist government by the Spanish artist living in Paris. It portrays a scene of the German bombing, in 1937, of Guernica, the Basque capital of Northern Spain, during the Spanish civil war, and became a universal symbol of the atrocity of war. The scene is set within a room where, at an open end on the left, a bull flails its tail as it stands over a woman grieving over the dead child in her arms. The subjects in this painting are shown as innocent and helplessRead MoreBanksy: Artist or Lawbreaker? Essay1752 Words   |  8 PagesBanksy is said to be an artist by some and a graffiti lawbreaker by others. Basically, it is up to the person to define Banksy as someone who is doing the right thing verses doing the wrong thing. Banksy creates his graffiti pictures to make a stand for what he believes is the right way to look at controversial issues. Some people may not like Banksy’s graffiti because they do not have the same views as him. Some people might not like it because graffiti is vandalism and they see no art in vandalismRead MoreEssay about Graffiti Artists: Silent Writers1650 Words   |  7 Pagesdistinguish a graffiti artist from the average member of society, such as their, mindset, desires, speech and activ e lifestyle. The most predominant attribute of a graffiti artist is their mindset, for a graffitist is constantly surveying the streets in search for a new spot to â€Å"bomb† as well as examining the work of fellow writers. For instance, when a graffiti artist looks at an empty wall or a distant water tower they envision a canvas suitable for displaying their graffiti. 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Graffiti shows that it is a form of art communication especially visual, usually illegal, and display unauthorized marking of public place as an individual or group. Even though the typical image of graffiti which illustrates symbol or phrase on a wall has caused by a member ofRead MoreThe Identity And Street Art5052 Words   |  21 Pageslooking at street art. Background Street art is urban visual art created in public locations, usually created by unsanctioned artists outside the traditional, mainstream art community. The term â€Å"street art† is interchangeable with â€Å"guerrilla art†, â€Å"graffiti† and â€Å"urban art† and it encompasses several distinct styles of conveying societal messages. From elaborate stencils, prints and murals, to interactive street installations, street art has been integrated into the core of contemporary art. Over the

Corporate Governance Corporate Business Boards

Question: Describe about the Corporate Governance for Corporate Business Boards. Answer: Part A Introduction Corporate governance is a structure of regulations and procedures to direct and control the business operations of organizations. One such regulation is appointment of women on corporate boards. However, this regulation created a big challenge on terms of gender diversity in Australian Boards (Carroll Carson, 2015). The present report argues on the critical issues on gender diversity on corporate boards that may hamper in meeting the target of Australian Institute of Company Directors (AICD). The assignment is presented by following the analysis and assessment of evidence of gender diversity in Woolworths Limited, a company listed in ASX 200. There would be an assessment of gender diversity issues that affects the performance of organizations business along with the recommendations on taking initiative on gender diversity policies. Discussion Companys Background Woolworths Limited, Australian listed company is a second largest company by revenue amounted to A$59 billion and profit of around A$ 1.2 billion in the current financial year 2016. The companys corporate governance practices and framework represents the business constitution, directors and management, disclosure policy, policy on diversity, risk management, board charter and such other important policies (Woolworths, 2016). Issues of gender diversity on the companys board Gender diversity is a system under which company represents equal proportion of male and female employees as their workforce (Bhattacharya et al., 2016). In this regard, Woolworths limited have taken measures to have a diverse workforce to encourage the employees outlook as well as the business environment. However, the company experiences several issues on gender diversification that affects the productivity and business performance. Respect in the workplace: Teamwork and mutual respect are two essential components of a favorable diversified organization. It is important to accept the individual differences to create sound work environment to develop the productivity and performance (Honor et al., 2015). Considering this issue management of Woolworths Limited worked to build and foster positive relationships among team members with the group of key stakeholders. The company has employed more than 53.5% women workforce as per the current details and the company is also working on increasing the women leadership in the organization. This diversification is one of the reasons for the company to improve its overall performance in recent years. Conflicting issues: One of the major issues of gender diversity is issues on racism, lack of respect and discrimination that creates conflicts among the team members of the company. Most of the companies are male dominating and therefore these conflicting issues arise on change in the workforce or appointment of women employees in the workforce that eventually hampers the companys performance (Marinova et al., 2015). However, Woolworths Limiteds workforce on employing more than 53.5% of women employees and 38.6% of women managers has improved the business performance. Such improvement was possible due to development of cultural understanding and creation of appropriate business protocols and policies in the organization. Communication: Another issue exists between the employees affecting the performance of the organization is communication issue. It occurs when there are language differences or lack of understanding among the members of the organization. The Woolworth Company identified this issue and the management had taken steps to resolve it by conducting training sessions, monitoring the performance, direct consultation with the members to review the problems. Such initiative by the company has helped in becoming the largest retailer in Australia with second highest revenue (Cumming et al., 2015). As the company was experiencing growth phase in the financial year 2004, it planned to increase the focus on gender diversity to create the workforce parity between men and women. Additionally, as per the requirements of Australian Government Board and Australian Institute of Company Directors, appointment of women employees and leaders has become mandatory. It has been observed since 2010 that the women have high performance from different cultural background and high boardroom experience in several growing industrial sectors (Liao et al., 2015). Considering such efficiency in the women aspirants, the Australian board has set standards to recruit women employees on corporate board that would enhance the business performance as well as development of country. In order to maintain the requirements of AICD, Woolworths Limited included its policies on gender diversity in the corporate governance procedures by incorporating policies like flexible work structure and parental leaves (Rao Tilt, 2015). The company was the first to incorporate paid parental leave in Australia, which was accessed by around 2,278 employees in the year 2013. Further, in the year 2007 to 2011 CEO of the company focused on building womens role in leadership with respect to the talent in different sectors and background to bring the considerations for senior roles. Such step has been taken to improve and develop the women roles to enhance the business performance, which has been around 27% in the year 2011. In order to determine the requirements and responsibility to bring change in the corporate boards, it is important to think rationally (Scheim Bauer, 2015). Gender equality in an organization determines the contribution of peoples complete potential for the benefit at economical, social, political and cultural level. Gender parity at corporate board is important to improve the business performance by following the governance policies, business decisions and financial requirements. Considering the fact, Woolworths limited is currently employed 202,000 out of which more than 50% are women employees and more than 30% at higher level as senior employees. Such diversification represents huge improvement in performance in the business activities recording second highest sales in the current financial years (Vasilescu et al., 2015). Currently, competing motivations are apparent with respect to gender diversity on corporate boards as well as at lower levels. The company as both part- time and casual work has employed employment for workers with disability, older workers and indigenous employees. However, Woolworths Limited had to experience certain issues like harassment, generation gap, gender biasness and disabilities (Quintana-Garca Benavides-Velasco, 2016). The company had introduced the policies on diversity by conducting necessary trainings, education sessions, comfortable work infrastructure and appropriate equipments. Recommendation Therefore, it can be said that the organizations should maintain the gender diversity in conducting the business functions. Such diversification assists the organizations to improve the business performance and maintain the sustainable growth in the current competitive industries. Accordingly, Woolworths Limited should initiate its gender diversity policies by monitoring the metrics. The company can evaluate the average earnings of men workers and women workers at each level along with the relative percentage. Evaluation of promotional percentage can also be done by Woolworths Limited to enable the assessment of success of diversity policy. Managing the supply chain is another initiative the company can undertake in its gender diversity policy to make sure that there is parity in senior level workforce. Such initiative assists the business organization to create the reputation and performance in the current competitive economy where women employees are considered to be more competent . The company can introduce certain privileges for older and disabled employees at workplace to fulfill their basic requirements that motivate them to perform at their highest capacity. Conclusion As the Australian government board taking initiative to incorporate gender diversity in the organizations not only at employment level but also at corporate level, the organizational management are also responsible for the same. In case of women employment, social pressure with respect to family responsibility is one of the major reasons that hamper their productivity and objectives. Hence, the organization should take the initiative to provide such benefits and education that there should be parity in workforce in each of the level and sector that would enhance the business performance. Part B Introduction Whistleblower policy has been a common and critical element in the organizational corporate governance framework as well as in the system of internal control. It is more regular in the public sector organizations rather than in private sector organizations that becomes a part of corporate fraud and misrepresentation of financial reports (Puri et al., 2016). Lack of best practices on whistleblower policy in the companies may result in investment risk and hamper the business performance. The following report has been prepared to identify the potential risk from the whistle blower policy on the companies and on the concerned officials. The report would also focus on presenting the recommendations for best practice standards to minimize such risk to be adopted by the public sector organizations. Discussion Whistle Blower Whistle Blower is an individual or a group of individuals who discloses the information or details of the organization that is considered to be illicit, incorrect or unethical either in public or private sectors. However, act of whistle blowing is more common in public listed companies that are done by internal or external persons connected with the organization (Goel Ramesh, 2016). Risks associated with the act of whistle blowing Recognition of public value from the act of whistle blowing is increasing since 50 years and thereby many countries and states have been forming statutes and laws to protect the whistle blowers as well to minimize the risk involved in the companies. Some major risks that involved with the act are trust, retaliation, break in chain of control and enterprise repercussions. Such risks may result in the organizational business performance and reputation that affects the profitability and growth. Therefore, whistle blower policy is required by the companies to maintain legal compliances, ethics of business operations and internal code of conduct compliance (Hope, 2016). Whistleblower Best Practices With the constant rise in issues from the act of whistle blowing, the government board and corporation statute have taken steps to resolve such issues by introducing best practices in the whistleblower practices (Lewis Vandekerckhove, 2016). Several acts and legislations have been introduced to protect and minimize the risk involved with whistle blowers. Sarbanes- Oxley Act, one of the popular acts introduced by the government board under corporate governance framework to protect the public interest and investors. The act mandated the organizations to establish systems to allow unidentified reporting or disclosure by the employees to protect the investors interest through true and fair disclosure of organizational information (Anderson et al., International Perspectives. Handbook of Academic Integrity). The Australian government in several states has legislated whistle blower policies focusing more on listed companies by incorporating code of conduct on directors as well as on senior executives. In case of Wesfarmers, one scandal with respect to the disclosure of inflated revenue amount of departmental store. It was observed that the company had reported its income by inflating around $2.1 million during the six months revenue generation report whereas the earnings of overall group were inflated by 1.1% (Tahir et al., 2016). Accordingly, the corporation law and government board have incorporated policies on protecting the identity and confidentiality for the purpose of true and fair disclosure of information. It has been made mandatory on part of individuals or an organization that discloses any wrongdoings should be given protection on disclosing the identity. However, such disclosures made by the person or organization should be authorized by law and should be required to undertak e for further investigation (Gomes, 2016). Another best practice on the whistleblower policy is protecting the files and records. It has been made compulsory for the authorities to retain the investigated files, records and documents under stringent security. It was ensured by the board that release of any information in violation of the policy would be considered as serious matter under the disciplinary procedures of Wesfarmers (Turpan, 2016). Apart from that, the companies are required to have best practices in whistleblower policy with respect to the fairness for adequate disclosures and reporting. Employees or contractors of companies who make reports or discloses information in good faith would be required to report their superiors of their respective team that includes harassment, dismissal, disciplinary action, demotion or any other unfavorable behavior (Holmes et al., 2016). The companies are responsible to safeguard the employees who report any misconduct in the form of retribution of allowance for anonymous reportin g. For instance, in case of Commonwealth Bank employees reported for misconduct within the organization which was overlooked and led to unfair representation in the reports for the use of members and investors (Goel Ramesh, 2016). The companies are required to follow best practice in whistleblower policy by making certain that the workers or staffs of the organization are able to report by using external means like helpline or emails. The companies should incorporate internal controls in the business operations to prevent the prospect risks or any damage. The responsibilities to scrutinize and formalization of procedures should be maintained to track the reporting issues by internal members or external members (Elhai Frueh, 2016). Recommendation Whistle blowing act is one of the major issues in corporate governance that listed companies are experiencing. In order to resolve the related issues companies have been directed to follow the whistleblower policy to protect the future risk and damage. According to the requirements of Accounting Board and Corporations Law, the companies are required to disclose such corporate governance policies in the financial report for the benefit of investors and companies. It is recommended to the companies to maintain the confidentiality with respect to the information as well as to protect the whistleblowers. The companies are required to make it mandate that the reporting should be made in written form in accordance with the compliance of law. All the disclosures and reporting by the employees, contractors or external members should report the subject matter in writing form to the concerned official. On such receipt, the officials are required to take initiative on the investigation process to check the viability of the reported matter. The whistleblower policy should contain the process of thorough investigation of any reported matters to safeguard the companies potential risk and for the benefit of stakeholders. Additionally, there should be adequate communication channels for the purpose of reporting misconduct and its viability. There should be appropriate communication for conducting the investigation process, timing, points of the issues to be checked and the areas to be dealt with. Moreover, the policy should also incorporate the need of conduction sessions on direct communication with the organizational members to identify the issues and guidance for the business performance by maintaining the transparency and fair accountability. The company should establish the requisite code of conduct for leadership, senior management and executives, directors along with the lower level employees to operate the business in true and fair way. Conclusion Considering the above discussion, it can be concluded that the requirement for good corporate governance for the companies is essential. The government of Australia has adequately formed several legislations and acts to be followed by the listed companies to manage risk and corporate issues. It is significant for the companies to prepare and present the financial information by maintaining the transparency and adequate disclosures. The companies are required to disclose the policy on corporate governance for the purpose of sustainability, growth and profit maximization. Some of the largest companies of Australia like, Wesfarmers, Commonwealth Banks etc. have experienced unfavorable issues from the detrimental disclosures made by internal members. Although such disclosures were made in good faith as well as for the public interest, there must be appropriate procedure and disclosures. Therefore, the listed companies should adopt the best practices on whistleblower policy to safeguard t he business risk and public interest. Reference List Anderson, M.S., Adam, J.A. and Snyder, S.C., 2016. Research Integrity: International Perspectives.Handbook of Academic Integrity, p.881. Elhai, J.D. and Frueh, B.C., 2016. Security of electronic mental health communication and record-keeping in the digital age.The Journal of clinical psychiatry,77(2), pp.262-268. Goel, P. and Ramesh, R.S., 2016. An Empirical Study of the Extent of Ethical Business Practices in Selected Industries in India.IUP Journal of Corporate Governance,15(1), p.46. Gomes, J., 2016. Portugal: The Protection of the Whistleblower from the Perspective of a Country Without Specific Legislation. InWhistleblowing-A Comparative Study(pp. 235-242). Springer International Publishing. Holmes, A.P., Grimwood, B.S. and King, L.J., 2016. Creating an Indigenized visitor code of conduct: the development of Denesoline self-determination for sustainable tourism.Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-17. Hope, K.R., 2016. The Corruption Problem in Swaziland: Consequences and Some Aspects of Policy to Combat It.Journal of Developing Societies,32(2), pp.130-158. Lewis, D. and Vandekerckhove, W., 2016. Trade unions and the whistleblowing process in the UK: An opportunity for strategic expansion?.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-11. Puri, V., Sharma, B.C. and Kumar, M., 2016. Voluntary Human Resource Disclosure Practices of Selected Listed Indian IT Firms.Drishtikon: A Management Journal,7(2). Tahir, S.H., Sohail, S., Qayyam, I. and Mumtaz, K., 2016. EFFECT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INDEX ON DIVIDEND POLICY: AN INVESTIGATION OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN.Journal of Economic and Social Development,3(1), p.139. Turpan, C.C., 2016. Whistleblower: More like Cybercriminal: The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act as Applied to Sarbanes-Oxley Whistleblowers.Rutgers Computer Tech. LJ,42, p.120. Bhattacharya, D., Li, W.H. and Rhee, S.G., 2016.Does Better Corporate Governance Encourage Higher Payout?: Risk, Agency Cost, and Dividend Policy(No. HIAS-E-20). Carroll, W.K. and Carson, C., 2015. Forging a new hegemony? The role of transnational policy groups in the network and discourses of global corporate governance.journal of world-systems research,9(1), pp.67-102. Cumming, D., Leung, T.Y. and Rui, O., 2015. Gender diversity and securities fraud.Academy of Management Journal,58(5), pp.1572-1593. Honor, F., Munari, F. and de La Potterie, B.V.P., 2015. Corporate governance practices and companies RD intensity: Evidence from European countries.Research policy,44(2), pp.533-543. Liao, L., Luo, L. and Tang, Q., 2015. Gender diversity, board independence, environmental committee and greenhouse gas disclosure.The British Accounting Review,47(4), pp.409-424. Marinova, J., Plantenga, J. and Remery, C., 2015. Gender diversity and firm performance: Evidence from Dutch and Danish boardrooms.The International Journal of Human Resource Management, pp.1-14. Quintana-Garca, C. and Benavides-Velasco, C.A., 2016. Gender Diversity in Top Management Teams and Innovation Capabilities: The Initial Public Offerings of Biotechnology Firms.Long Range Planning,49(4), pp.507-518. Rao, K. and Tilt, C., 2015. Board composition and corporate social responsibility: The role of diversity, gender, strategy and decision making.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-21. Scheim, A.I. and Bauer, G.R., 2015. Sex and gender diversity among transgender persons in Ontario, Canada: results from a respondent-driven sampling survey.The Journal of Sex Research,52(1), pp.1-14. Vasilescu, B., Posnett, D., Ray, B., van den Brand, M.G., Serebrenik, A., Devanbu, P. and Filkov, V., 2015, April. Gender and tenure diversity in GitHub teams. InProceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems(pp. 3789-3798). ACM. Woolworths Online. 2016. Woolworths Supermarket - Buy Groceries Online. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au [Accessed 3 Sep. 2016].

Windows 8 System Essay Sample free essay sample

I. Introduction:? Windows 8 is a Microsoft operating system that is designed for place users every bit good as for concern intent. Its development started even before its predecessor’s release Windows 7 in 2009. Windows 8 is a system that is peculiarly orientated to touchscreen hardware. There are some of import alterations and additives that make it look and otherwise than the users are used to. For illustration. the Start bill of fare is wholly substituted by a Start screen that can be taken off from the desktop easy by touch screen pen and besides by merely a normal mouse or keyboard cardinal combination. It contains all the of import applications besides the 1s that are active at the minute. All the icons in the old version of the operating system are changed into tiles that can be juggled with. It can remain invariably on the screen or can be hidden. And now the most of import that users expect to hear – when will it be available for the populace and for what monet ary value? The official release day of the month is the 26th of October. We will write a custom essay sample on Windows 8 System Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2012. It was preceded by three pre-release editions while still being developed and tested for the period of the 13th of September 2011 until 31st of May 2012. There will be four editions issued on the market – two general editions merely for conventional usage. one Pro release of Windows most fervent fans and Enterprise edition which is for concern intents. ? Windows 8 is the current release of the Windows operating system. produced by Microsoft for usage on personal computing machines. including place and concern desktops. laptops. tablets. and place theatre PCs. Development of Windows 8 started before the release of its predecessor. Windows 7. in 2009. Its being was foremost announced at CES 2011. and followed by the release of three pre-release versions from September 2011 to May 2012. The operating system was released to fabricating on August 1. 2012. and was released for general handiness on October 26. 2012 II. Statement of the Study ? Since Windows 8 will run on any Personal computer that can run Windows 7. you don’t have to spring for a whole new machine to do the move. As I mentioned. users of Windows 7. Vista. and even XP can upgrade for merely $ 39. 99 until January 31. 2013. The Windows 8 installer cheques your system. peripherals. and package for compatibility when you start an ascent. so you don’t truly have to worry about put ining it on a machine that can’t manage it. III. Significance of the Study ? For most people. Windows 8 will add benefits like a whole new category of simple. clean. informational apps. It besides means much faster startup times. better multi-monitor support. and improved file transportation and undertaking director duologues. The startup velocity betterment entirely will do the ascent worthwhile for me. And the upgrade pricing is far less burdensome than old Windows ascents: any Windows user all the manner back to XP can upgrade for merely $ 39. 99. and buyers of recent Windows 7 Personal computers will merely pay $ 14. 99 for the ascent. ?In add-on. Windows 8 takes advantage of new or emerging engineerings like USB 3. 0. 4Kn Advanced Format. near field communications. cloud calculating. and the low-power ARM architecture. It includes new security characteristics such as malware filtrating. constitutional antivirus capablenesss. a new installing procedure optimized for digital distribution. and support for secure boot ( a UEFI characteristic which allows r uning systems to be digitally signed to forestall malware from changing the boot procedure ) . Synchronism of certain apps and scenes between multiple devices is supported. ? World Wide Web. pcmag. com/article2/0. 2817. 2410600. 00. asp?www. pcmag. com/article2/0. 2817. 2410595. 00. asp? Ibid.IV. Scope and Delimitation? Windows 8 introduces important alterations to the operating system’s platform. chiefly focused towards bettering its user experience on nomadic devices such as tablets to equal other nomadic runing systems like Android and Apple’s Io. Windows 8 introduces a new touch-friendly shell and user interface based on Microsoft’s â€Å"Metro† design linguistic communication. having a new Start screen with a grid of dynamically updating tiles that represent applications. The Start screen replaces the â€Å"Start menu† of earlier Windows versions. There is a new app platform with an accent on touchscreen input. and the new Windows Store to obtain and/or purchase applications to run on the operating system. In add-on. Windows 8 takes advantage of new or emerging engineerings like USB 3. 0. 4Kn Advanced Format. near field communications. cloud calculating. and the low-power ARM architecture. It includes new security characteristics such as malware filtrating. constitutional antivirus capablenesss. a new installing procedure optimized for digital distribution. and support for secure boot ( a UEFI characteristic which allows runing systems to be digitally signed to forestall malware from changing the boot procedure ) . Synchronism of certain apps and scenes between multiple devices is supported. V. Definition of Footings* Microsoft- is an American multinational package corporation headquartered in Redmond. Washington that develops. industries. licences. and supports a broad scope of merchandises and services related to calculating. The company was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4. 1975. * Operating System ( OS ) is a aggregation of package that manages computing machine hardware resources and provides common services for computing machine plans. The operating system is a critical constituent of the system package in a computing machine system. Application plans normally require an operating system to map. * Start menu-is a user interface component used in Microsoft Windows runing systems since Windows 95 and in some X window directors. It provides a cardinal launching point for application and undertakings. Depending on the operating system or window director. the bill of fare might hold different names. such as Kickoff Application Launcher in KDE. Start scre en in Windows 8 or LX Panel in LXDE. Chapter 2Why Windows 8 is Microsoft’s Biggest Risk EverOne of the most of import industry events will take topographic point on October 26. the launch day of the month for Microsoft’s Windows 8 operating system. It will climax a three twelvemonth planning. development and trial rhythm for what CEO Steve Ballmer calls their hazardous merchandise stake. So why would Ballmer state this. particularly when many in the industry qualify this as merely a â€Å"bridge† release for IT clients until Microsoft can let go of Windows 9? Let me sketch why. No Less than 50 % of Operating Net incomes Microsoft has done a good occupation of turning their gross outside of the Personal computer infinite. Take a expression at XBOX. Kinect. Enterprise Server and Tools. and Windows Windows Azure. They represent complete concerns that Microsoft didn’t even take part in a decennary antecedently. and for their financial 2012. 75 % of gross was outside the Windows Division. Net incomes are a different affair. though. For financial 2012. 53 % of Microsoft’s runing income came from the Windows Division. Yes. there was a important write-down in 2012. but the operating net income per cent is still immense. as financial Q3 net income was 46 % . This still understates the true net incomes derived from Windows. What’s non included inside of the Windows Numberss are the Office Numberss. because those are portion of the Business Division which is improbably profitable. excessively. If Microsoft didn’t have the Windows OS. I extremely doubt as many concerns would be purch asing Office. So in world. I estimate that Microsoft derives about 75 % of their net incomes from being successful in Windows. Get downing to see the hazardous stake and why for so long Microsoft has been so conservative with Windows? Deprioritizing the DesktopSince Windows was invented over 20 old ages ago. the â€Å"desktop† has been the UI metaphor. Prior to that. it was a bid line for DOS. With Windows 8. Microsoft is deprioritizing the desktop and traveling the Metro. Metro is the tile-based interface that has no â€Å"chrome† . or borders and leaves tonss and tonss of white infinite. The tiles are â€Å"live† intending they contain real-time information like stock monetary values. last electronic mail received. conditions. societal media updates. and sport tonss. All of this information is on one screen. immediately available to the user without the demand to snap or swipe anything. Metro is designed for non-keyboard and mouse interfaces ; that is. touch. address and air gestures for phones. tablets. Xboxes and future big surface show devices. Users can entree the desktop by snaping on the Desktop tile. So far. users can non boot straight into Desktop. but there’s nil technically maintaining Microsoft from enabling this. The other hazard of deprioritizing the desktop is giving Apple yet another shooting and increasing market portion. Apple is still really committed to progressing the desktop use theoretical accounts. and those purchasers non comfy with Metro will see Apple now more than of all time. Net-net. Microsoft is deprioritizing the user UI metaphor that has been entrenched for over 20 old ages and one that arch-rival Apple still supports.